Vol. 123, No. 2 * Pages 135–264 * April - June 2019

The strong interaction between the radiation, cloud microphysics, and cloud dynamics requires more advanced radiation schemes in numerical calculations. Detailed (bin) microphysical schemes, which categorize the cloud particles into bin intervals according to their sizes, are useful tools for more accurate simulation of evolution of the hydrometeors. Our research aimed at the development of a new bin radiation scheme based on a commonly used bin microphysical scheme and the implementation of this new scheme into the RRTMG LW longwave radiation-transfer model. We have applied the MADT approximation method to evaluate radiation interaction. The absorption coefficients are calculated by using bin resolved size distribution of water droplets, which is the output of a bin microphysical scheme.
The longwave absorption coefficients applied in this new method are in tune with those of a bulk radiation scheme, which is currently used in operational numerical weather prediction models. However, the two schemes gave reasonably different results for longwave radiation cooling rates at stratocumulus cloud tops and fog layers. Unfortunately, only few observation data are available to check our results directly. Indirect evaluation can be based on outputs of numerical radiative transfer models published in various studies since the nineties. Achievements of our research enable more precise calculation of longwave radiation profiles, and better prediction of dynamic and thermodynamic processes in water clouds (e.g., lifetime of stratocumulus clouds, fog evolution, and precipitation formation).